2017.10.10 1. The New Breakthrough in Automotive Lighting -- LCD Headlamp There is no doubt that the use of LCD headlamp is a succcessful further step towards digitalizing lighting. LCD headlamp which enables complex functions will also be relevant to autonomous driving. Let's talk something about the following research project about developing a headlamp basics on a LCD ( Full name is Liquid Crystal Display )which made by HELLA and seceral partners.This technology is an good example already known in the home entertainment field. https://youtu.be/pI6rxEmE1g4 About The Project In the context of the research project funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) regarding the fully adaptive light distribution for intelligent, efficient and safe vehicle lighting (VoLiFa2020), HELLA has developed a headlamp on the basis of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) in collaboration with project partners Merck, Institut f邦r Gro?fl?chige Mikroelektronik IGM, Stuttgart University, Porsche, Elmos Semiconductor, Schweizer Electronic, and the University of Paderborn. Complex Functions In general,the new LCD headlamp projects 30.000 pixels onto the road. This allows adjusting the light pattern in an intelligent and continuous manner to various driving situations in real time. The use of an LC display is a further step towards digitalizing lighting. This means: the adaptation of the light pattern will increasingly be determined by software. The driver will obtain the best possible view of the road. Individual segments with e.g. other traffic participants or strongly reflecting street signs can be omitted or dimmed in a targeted manner. Highly complex functions are also conceivable: navigation arrows or lines showing the ideal lane can be projected onto the road. LCD technology enables functions that will also be relevant to autonomous driving. The LC display is the headlamp＊s key component. It is situated between the LED light source and the projection lens. The display generates a matrix with 100 x 300 pixels that can be individually controlled and dimmed. A camera installed in the vehicle as well as a sensor optically reading distances and speeds (light detection and ranging sensor, LiDAR), will forward the ambient information to the headlamp control unit via a processor. This will then direct the individual display pixels up to 60 times per second. 25 high-power LED＊s arranged in three rows will serve as light source. Each LED＊s light intensity will be adjusted to the respective lighting situation. Due to increasing traffic volumes and safety requirements, intelligent lighting systems are of increasing importance. LCD technology enables completely new functionalities and opportunities here. And the use is not limited to passenger cars. Other vehicle categories, such as commercial vehicles or buses also provide meaningful application areas. Thankgiving Thanks to this project's great resolution and sharpness of detail, it opens up a diffirent new paths in automotive lighting technology. http://blog.electronica.de/en/2017/09/11/lcd-headlamp-with-endless-opportunities/ 2017.10.11 1. Do you know Dallas Semiconductor which is owned by Maxim Intergrated now? It's well known for making some excellent real-time clocks(RTCs). Let me take an example: DS1307 is simple,works with essentially any cheap 32,768Hz watch crystal,is easily accessible over I2C,and is extremely power efficient( 500nA current when running the oscillator on battery power). As great as it is, the DS1307 has a major drawback: it relies on an external crystal and lacks any sort of temperature compensation. Thus, any change in temperature will cause the clock to drift. A 20ppm error in the frequency of the crystal adds up to about a minute of error per month. Not so great. Well,it does not matter. It's fortunate that Maxim offers DS3231 which is called as an ※Extremely Accurate I2C-Integrated RTC/TCXO/Crystal§.This chip has 32kHz crystaql integratrf into the package itself and uses a built -in temperature sensor to periodically measure the temperature of the crystal and, by switching different internal capacitors in and out of the crystal circuit, can precisely adjust its frequency so it remains constant. It＊s specified to keep time within 2ppm from 0∼C to +40∼C, and 3.5ppm from -40∼C to +85∼C, which means the clock would only drift 63 and 110 seconds per year, respectively. So cool. The one (very minor) downside is that it draws about twice the current, a bit less than 1 米A, than the DS1307. Still, a common 220mAh CR2032 battery could power the chip for at least a decade with no problem. Such a circuit would be mostly limited by the CR2032＊s self-discharge rate anyway. In my case, I wanted to use such RTCs on several of my Raspberry Pis that are not regularly (read: almost never) connected to the internet, and so cannot always get their time from NTP servers. Some great people have designed a simple board that fits on the Raspberry Pi's pin headers for power,ground and I2c and own the DS3231,pull-up resistors for the I2C bus, and a decoupling capacitor. It even has pads for a backup battery (not included, but adding a battery holder and coin cell is straightforward). Chinese vendors on eBay sell the board for about $1.50, with free shipping. Perfect. The above picture is the board I am using on my Pis,along with the backup battery and holder I added. Well,I think this condition should be considered in that DS3231 is more expensive than a complete board.Well, I am so curious and I wondered if these were counterfeit chips that were pin and function compatible, QC rejects, or somehow otherwise illegitimate chips. For science, I ordered a few extra boards and tested them over the last year, where ※tested§ means ※set the time on the chips with a Pi that was NTP synchronized to a GPS timing receiver, disconnected them from the Pi, and left them on the shelf running on battery power for a year§. The chips would be in direct sunlight in the mornings, and the temperature in the room would range between about 15∼C and 30∼C throughout the year. Not extreme, but not precisely regulated either. I did not adjust the ※aging register§ in the chip to trim the oscillator before this test, and the register was set to its default value of ※0§. After a year, the chip with the largest drift was only 16 seconds off, which is about 0.5 ppm. That＊s well within spec, so I＊m happy. If these chips were counterfeit, they were at least good counterfeits that worked as advertised. However, I wanted to look closer so I sacrificed one of the chips for science. Thanks to my friend Jesse for reminding me that I can just snip off the legs of the chip rather than trying to de-solder it. That made things a lot easier. Here＊s the top of the package. It claims to be an SN model, which means it is specced for the full -40∼C to +85∼C temperature range. The date code says it was made in week 33 of 2011, as part of lot 917AC. The # mark means it＊s RoHS compliant. The laser markings seemed a bit dodgy and not like the normal high-quality laser markings I see on other Maxim chips. I contacted Maxim, explained the situation, and sent photos of the package and die (see below). After checking their records, they say the style of the markings, the date code, and lot number are all consistent with that particular lot made in 2011, which strongly suggests the chips are legitimate. They also reminded me that they do not warrant or guarantee any products purchased from unauthorized resellers! ! !( Buy DS3231 chip,go to kynix )Good to know, and not unexpected. + I zoomed in with my USB microscope to examine the markings in more detail. It＊s a bit hard to see in this close-up, but you should be able to see the digits ※31§. Obviously, Maxim must have different types of laser marking equipment on their different production lines. + I normally would digest the epoxy packaging of the chip in acid at work, butI was at home that day and didn＊t have access to the chemicals and safety equipment I have in the lab at work, plus I didn＊t want to dissolve the integrated crystal and its metal can. Instead, I embrittled the packaging by heating it in the flame of a common Bic lighter for several seconds and then quenching it in a glass of cool water. I repeated this process several times. Next, I sanded down the back of the ship (assuming that the interesting parts of the die would face upwards, which they were 〞 if they hadn＊t been on the top, I＊d sacrifice another chip and sand the top down) with fine sandpaper until I hit metal. It turns out I was a bit too vigorous in my sanding, and accidentally sanded through the crystal＊s metal housing and broke one of the forks of the tuning fork oscillating element. Oops. In the photos below, the notch on the chip is to the left, so pin 1 is to the top left. The main die is behind the large copper pad to the left. The fuzzy ※hair§ at the bottom are strands of the epoxy package that I didn＊t clean up. + Let's do a experiment. This was interesting, but even after Maxim said the packing and exterior markings looked legitimate, I was curious if the die itself was an actual Dallas/Maxim die or if it was a fake. Using tweezers and a fine, sharp knife I was able to crumble away more of the epoxy package and remove the die. Unfortunately, the bond wires were still embedded in the package and so broke off when I removed the die. I also slightly scratched part of the die and cracked off part of the top-right corner. Clearly, acid digestion is the way to go. Here＊s the first look at the die itself. I had washed it with isopropanol and both the chip and the microscope slide are a bit wet. The die measures ~3.6 x 2.3 mm, and the images below were taken with my USB microscope. + First, I wanted to check to see if the die was actually made by Maxim or if it was a fake. The die clearly says ※DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR§, as well as ※?2004 (M) MAXIM§. Looks legit. That＊s refreshing. + In addition to my cheap USB microscope at home, I was later able to take the die into the lab at work and use the (very expensive) Zeiss microscope to take more pictures. I was also able to clean it more thoroughly using the ultrasonic cleaner so the images came out considerably better. Alas, compatibility issues between the camera mounted on the microscope and my computer prevented me from using the camera to get high-quality photos at this time. I＊ve ordered an adapter so I can get better photos, but it will be several weeks. At that time I will either update this post or link to a new one. I plan on creating large composite images of the die at various levels of zoom, and with different optical filters. In the interim, here are a few photos I took using my smartphone aimed through the eyepiece of the lab microscope. They are nowhere near as clear or stunning in appearance as they are when viewed directly through the eyepiece or via the on-scope camera. + One days ago.I＊ve been able to get the camera on the microscope to cooperate and have gotten several high-quality photos. As the microscope has an extremely short depth of focus, particularly at high magnification, some images have been ※focus stacked§ by combining several images at different focus depths. Similarly, the large composite images are made from several individual images that may be focused slightly differently from each other. These processes may cause visual artifacts to be present. In general, images with green and red colored layers use standard reflected microscopy with no filters, while images with blue and gold layers use reflected differential interference contrast (DIC). https://blog.heypete.com/2017/07/29/a-look-inside-the-ds3231-real-time-clock/ 2017.10.12 http://www.newelectronics.co.uk/electronics-technology/automation-and-connectivity-for-smart-trucks/157389/ Will Autonomous Commercial Vehicles Appear Tomorrow? Nowadays,almost all the focus in transportation is on self-driving ars with more and more similar initiatives with google car.Trucks, however, could also benefit from extra automation and connectivity to enable preventive maintenance, improve safety, efficiency and cost. Might we therefore one day soon see trucks on our roads with no driver in the front seat? J?rg R邦ger's comment ※Not for at least 10 years; I don＊t think the public would accept it,§ argued J?rg R邦ger, president of commercial vehicle and off-road at Bosch Mobility. ※If we＊re talking autonomous driving for trucks, we＊re talking about motorways, not inter-urban traffic. For that, it＊s not realistic from today＊s point of view because when the truck leaves the motorway, it would need someone to take over.§ This is because the current level of technology doesn＊t provide for this degree of autonomy 每 yet. While Europe is in the driver＊s seat when it comes to standards for increasing road safety, legislation is lagging behind the level of sophisticated solutions being developed 每 solutions which could lead to fully autonomous trucks. Legislation is currently being written for stop and go control systems and turn assist systems, which R邦ger believes will appear in the next couple of years. Dr Thomas Dieckmann's comment ※WABCO has developed its own urban turning assist collision avoidance system,§ said Dr Thomas Dieckmann, leader of advanced development at WABCO. ※OnCity is a single-sensor solution and the first to use LiDAR (light imaging, detection and ranging) technology.§ LiDAR measures distances by illuminating a target with a pulsed laser light and measuring the reflected pulses. ※The system alerts the driver visually and acoustically to a potential collision, both right before and during a turning manoeuvre,§ Dr Dieckmann added. ※In the future, it will be able to apply the brake autonomously to prevent collisions, should the driver fail to take corrective action.§ The next level up in terms of automation 每 though only currently envisioned on motorways 每 is platoons: convoys of trucks linked and controlled electronically through short range vehicle-to-vehicle communications. Led by the front vehicle, this communication, coupled with technologies such as forward collision avoidance systems, enables the trucks to accelerate or brake simultaneously and to follow each other more closely. Potential benefits include: better fuel economy due to reduced air resistance; reduced congestion; fewer collisions; and less pressure for drivers, who could, instead of driving, plan routes, process shipping documents or simply take a break. Several trial platoon runs have been conducted in Europe 每 including the European Truck Platooning Challenge 每 but legislation is still wanting. ※Platooning needs legislation to allow trucks to drive at a distance of eight to 10m, much closer together than it is currently legal,§ R邦ger explained, pictured left, ※and to allow drivers to be on standby. ※There will eventually be mixed platoons and that needs a standardised protocol. The expectation is to see these platoons on the road between 2023 and 2025.§ Not everyone is keen on the idea however. The Road Haulage Association believes platooning is not feasible. Rod McKenzie's comment ※Causing queues for vehicles trying to join and leave the motorway will simply create even more congestion,§ cautioned Rod McKenzie. ※Of course, the auto-pilot facility has the ability to remove human error and mistake 每 but what happens if the engine goes wrong?§ As drivers won＊t be concentrating on the road, they might not be able to react as quickly when there＊s a system failure, for example. Another downside is that systems could potentially be hacked. How to resolve these issues To resolve these issues, Volvo Trucks is concentrating on improving human machine interaction to ensure good usability. ※We provide training and methods for continuous improvements along with supporting tools to assist planning and driving,§ said Michael Gudmunds, product manager, soft products. While the practicality of platoons is open to debate, commercial vehicles are already benefitting from increased connectivity and automation. ※Commercial vehicles can already upload data into the cloud and download automated software updates,§ said R邦ger. ※Infotainment is becoming more connected with smartphone integration, voice control and a Bluetooth hands-free system. Navigation systems are being used to optimise engine use and fuel consumption by providing the driver with road and environment mapping information in advance.§ Real-time information about road conditions 每 such as the presence of black ice 每 can be shared between trucks via data collected by the sensors, then processed and stored in the cloud and retransmitted. Legislation for advanced emergency braking systems (AEBS) and lane departure warning (LDW) has been in place since 2015. Commercial vehicle technology supplier WABCO offers an LDW system called OnLane, which detects road markings and vehicle position, and warn the driver of imminent lane departure via visual, audible and haptic signals. The camera-based solution can distinguish between a deliberate lane change and an unintentional drift by identifying the driver＊s turn signal usage. Lane keeping support takes LDW one step further by not only warning the driver but also, if no action is taken, by taking steps to ensure the vehicle stays in its lane. Volvo Trucks＊ Dynamic Steering 每 which combines conventional hydraulic power steering with an electric motor fitted to the steering gear (pictured right) 每 also provides lane keeping support. The electrical control unit processes data from multiple sensors and controls the motor at 2000Hz to work out the truck＊s direction and the driver＊s intentions. A principle called ＆torque overlay＊ corrects unintentional steering movements to keep the truck dead on course. Some trucks are already ＆smart＊, benefitting from advancements in automation and connectivity, and companies are more than eager to take these capabilities to a higher level. But there is a long path to full autonomy and, as Ruger says: ※A 40tonne autonomous truck frightens people.§ Autonomous commercial vehicles therefore will not appear tomorrow. ※Development will be steady,§ Dr Dieckmann concluded. ※We will see an increase in partial automation, then further developments in the areas of manoeuvring and highway driving.§ 2017.10.13 Use WiFi to Control Home Devices Background Nowadays,more and more people need wifi and they can not leave it.More and more family has connected with wifi even in undeveloping country or area. Today,let's make a wifi based home automation project to realize that controlling home devices by using wifi as wireless communication. In this project,we will using esp8266 wifi module and Arduino Uno R3,We have also posted a similar project using pic microcontroller based home automation over wifi. you may also like to check it. +10.13.1 +2 components we need ESP8266 Wifi Module: ESP8266 is a wifi chip that provides Transfer Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP). There are different ESP8266 modules available in the market. In this project we are using the first model. It has 6 pins and operates on 3.3v. ESP8266 was initialized via the following commands: AT AT+CWMODE = 3 AT+CIFSR AT+CIPMUX = 1 ESP8266 was then connected to the mobile hotspot by the following commands: AT+CWLAP (returns the list of the available Wi-Fi networks available) AT+CWJAP = ※SSID§, ※password§ Example: AT+CWJAP = ※PTCL-BB§, ※12345467§ Arduino Uno: Arduino is development boards build around ATmega 328P. Arduino is perfect for this project as it provides much pins to interface relay module,16℅2 LCD and ESP8266 wifi module 4 channel Relay Module: Relay is used to switch on and off higher voltages devices by using low dc voltages such as signal from Arduino digital pin. In this project we used 4 channel relay module it is easy to interface with Arduino instead of connecting each relay separately. It can bears up to 250VAC and 10 amps of current. 16X2 LCD: 16℅2 LCD is used to display 16 characters in two lines. It is easy to interface with Arduino due to its available library. In this project this LCD is used to display the status of the appliances whether it is on or off. Project circuit diagram +10.13.3 Connections 1.16℅2 LCD: VSS to ground. VDD to supply voltage. VO to adjust pin of 10k potentiometer. RS to Pin A0. RW to ground. Enable to Pin A1. LCD D4 to Pin A2. LCD D5 to Pin A3. LCD D6 to Pin A4. LCD D7 to Pin A5. Ground one end of potentiometer. 5v to other end of potentiometer. 2.4 Channel Relay modules: External 5 volt to JD VCC. Ground to ground. Ini1 to Pin 3. Ini2 to Pin 4. Ini3 to Pin5. Vcc to Arduino 5v. Connect one terminal of all bulbs to normally open terminal of relays. One end of 220VAC to all common terminals of relay and other end with other terminal of bulbs. 3.ESP8266 wifi module to Arduino: Module Vcc to 3.3v. Module CH_PD to 3.3v. Module Ground to Arduino ground. Module Tx to Arduino Rx. Module Rx to Arduino Tx. Working Download the S Remote application from Google Play Store. Open the application, go to Setting>>Advance>>Layout and select the Button according to your desire. Then select IP and enter the IP address which is get when we initialize ESP8266 wifi module using this command ※AT+CIFSR§. IP address is written in third line such as ※192.168.10.4§. Then write the port which is ※80§ in port option. Go to Setting>>Keys and then select key1 and write the label to display on button and then the data which you want to send to Arduino. Click the TCP button. Similarly write the label and data in others keys. If you connect everything correctly then power up the circuit and open serial monitor, it takes few seconds to initialize wifi module. Press the button on application, the data is send by application to Arduino through Wifi and then Arduino performs operations according to instructions and the status on devices are display on LCD. +10.13.4 http://microcontrollerslab.com/iot-based-home-automation-system-wifi/ 2017.10.15 The Interrupts and Times about MSP430 Today,let's talk something about MSP430 interrupts and times. About "Interrupt" Do you know what is an "interrupt"? Interrupt is a signal that informs our MCU that a certain event has happened,causing the interruption of the normal flow of the main program and the execution of an "interrupt routine",that handles the event and takes a specified action. Interrupts are essential to avoid wasting the processor's valuable time in polling loops, waiting for external events (in fact they are used in Real-Time Operating Systems, RTOS). In the MSP430 architecture, there are several types of interrupts: timer interrupts, port interrupts, ADC interrupts and so on. Each one of them needs to be enabled and configured to work, and there is a separate "service routine" for every interrupt.(狟赫盄ㄘ Now let's see how to use timer and port interrupts to flash some LEDs,we will keep the ADC interrupt for the next turorial. So,let's write some code! 2017.10.16 As the Development of Technology ,Connectors should be linghter,smaller and faster As the technology landscape continues to evolve and becomes ever mor complexs,more and more traditional electronic components are having to evolve to support new capabilities expecially connectors. Even emerging technologies, whether that＊s artificial intelligence, the use of big data analytics, or smart wearable devices and drones, are being appropriated by the world＊s military in order to improve the effectiveness and capabilities of their armed forces. Connectors may not be considered the most technological of products, but they haven＊t been immune to the mega trends sweeping through many industries, not least the need to supply components that are smaller but also lighter and smarter. The changes are significant with product performance in the military space and electrical integrity having a huge impact on connector systems and their design, whether in terms of the equipment being used by soldiers, rugged displays, communications equipment or in vehicle electronics. Bob Stanton--technology director at Omnetics said:Today＊s newer electronic instruments can neither afford the space or the weight required by older cabling and connector systems.High performance product is required and it needs to offer customers space and weight benefits but without impacting on performance, reliability or functionality.§ A growing list of connector suppliers are working on replacing two or three connectors with one miniature, dense multi-functional connector, for example, and that is having an impact on the kinds of cables people are looking to choose. ODU, a supplier of connector system＊s, has been working on developing connectors suitable for use with multiple interfaces that will be connecting the soldier of the future with their weapons and communications as well as with military vehicles and, according to the company＊s managing director, Nick Harper, has been focused on developing one connector family capable of meeting the requirements for every application. (ODU has been heavily involved with supplying over 100,000 helmet connectors as part of the Ministry of Defence＊s Bowman programme.) While engineers are looking to supply smaller, more compact, connectors they have to also ensure that they are able to withstand temperature extremes, vibration, and be able to operate in an environment that might be sandy, wet or dirty 每 all of which could compromise the integrity of the connector. New surface treatments and technologies are being developed specifically to address the extreme environmental conditions expected in the military space. Take an example, connector manufacturer, LEMO, has developed NiCorAl a corrosion resistant conductive surface treatment that offers an alternative to Cadmium. Miniaturisation ※New technologies are driving continuous miniaturisation of electronic equipment for communications, computing, surveillance, sensing and navigation,§ says Stanton. ※Whether soldier-worn or on-board a UAV or UGV, small size and light weight are demanded 每 but no performance compromises can ever be accepted.§ Many of the older military specification models are becoming outdated in the face of growing demands for micro- and nano-sized connectors that are needed to address the requirements of higher-technology electronics. ※Trusted military connectors like MIL-DTL-24308 D-subs are being superseded by smaller, lighter alternatives like 83513 and 32139 Micro- or Nano-Ds,§ explains Stanton. ※Smaller can never mean weaker, though,§ he warns. ※Although they have very fine pitch (0.64mm for the Nano-Ds), they must be able to withstand environmental hazards like extremes of heat and cold and exposure to corrosive chemicals.§ In order to address this, Omnetics uses open-ended beryllium-copper pins, which are shaped to maintain four continuous points of contact and are tempered for continuous spring force. ※These have actually exceeded 2000 mate/de-mate cycles in testing, and the design gives extra travel in compression and expansion to ensure continuous electrical contact even during extremely harsh vibration,§ says Stanton. He continues, ※Sockets are copper-alloy, and designed to increase contact pressure as they expand at higher ambient temperatures. When cold, the socket contracts without over-stressing the spring. Contacts are nickel/gold plated after forming, meeting ASTM B488 Type II, giving high corrosion resistance.§ Soldiers can be under huge pressure in action, so speed and convenience are also critical. ※At Omnetics we have designed innovative latching Nano-D families that connect securely without fiddly jackscrews, and which pass the stringent MIL-DTL-32139 shock and vibration specifications,§ Stanton explains. Military connectors are also having to contend with another important trend and that is the dramatic increase in the amount of data that is being routed between devices and people. More data requires more sensors and where data is time critical and where interference is unacceptable connectors that are smaller and more rugged are required. Technological arms race ※Keeping the technological upper hand is critical to ensure military success,§ explains Stanton. ※Today＊s military forces need to maintain their superiority in unfamiliar environments from mountainous deserts to urban areas and, accordingly, soldiers need to be quick on their feet, and unmanned aerial and ground vehicles are increasingly in demand for dangerous missions, close to the enemy.§ Ben Green, Head of New Business at Harwin, agrees. ※A key method for protecting frontline troops and ensuring that lives are not placed into unnecessarily dangerous situations is through greater use of smart technology. The interest in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) has grown significantly, as a result.§ UAVs and UGVs enable the military to undertake a number of operations - including detailed surveillance, the transportation of vital supplies and even recovery missions - without placing service personnel at risk. ※These types of vehicles have to rely on the incorporation of sophisticated electronic circuitry and, in turn, the support of high reliability cabling/interconnects - so that the power needed to drive the motors for propulsion purposes and data from an array of different sensors to allow timely manoeuvring can be delivered,§ Green says. ※The constituent components all need to be compact and light in order to deal with space and weight constraints, so that less impact is placed on their limited energy reserves and the vehicles can cover longer distances before they have to return.§ These trends are combining to drive continuous miniaturisation of electronic equipment for communications, computing, surveillance, sensing and navigation Green says. ※Whether soldier-worn or on-board a UAV or UGV, small size and light weight are demanded.§ To address these demands, defence agencies and their military contractors need to be able to collaborate with suppliers who can provide them with robust, high performance components in small form factors. ※The connectors specified as part of UAV/UGV design and development activity, for example, as with any other military-related application, need to possess elevated levels of reliability, as well as exhibiting high degrees resilience to electro-magnetic interference (EMI),§ Green contends. ※Dealing with all these different aspects is clearly challenging, so engaging with the right supplier is absolutely critical,§ he concludes. But there is another reason why equipment needs to be compact, lightweight, and technically advanced, according to Stanton. ※Today＊s arms races increasingly pit professional armies against militias that are adept at harnessing powerful consumer technologies, whether that＊s smartphones, mobile data, GPS or quadcopters. ※Overcoming these challenges demands smart thinking about even the finest of details 每 and that includes the connector.§ http://www.newelectronics.co.uk/electronics-technology/smaller-lighter-and-faster/161588/ 2017.10.17 Researchers at Harvard University, US, say they have made the best nanowire transistors to date. The devices consisted of germanium/silicon core/shell nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs) using high-百 dielectrics and a metal top gate geometry. "We showed that our current Ge/Si nanowire FETs perform three to four times better than silicon CMOS [devices]," Charles Lieber of Harvard told nanotechweb.org, "thus demonstrating for the first time that there is a clear advantage to nanowire versus conventional planar FETs. This justifies further (aggressive) work on the nanowire FETs and, by reporting results in an industry standard, we hope we will also make industry better aware of the potential of this basic research." Lieber and colleagues used band structure design to create a hole gas in the Ge/Si core-shell system. "This has proved to be an ideal system with reliable ohmic contact and high mobility," said Lieber. The researchers employed a benchmark typically used by the semiconductor industry to characterize the on-current and intrinsic delay properties of their devices. The transistors exhibited a scaled transconductance of 3.3 mS 米m-1 and on-current of 2.1 mA 米m-1. Hole mobility, meanwhile, was 730 cm2 V-1 s-1 每 10 times higher than that of a silicon p-metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy image of the nanowire device. Device cross-section What's more, according to the scientists, the device's intrinsic switching delay was comparable to that of similar length carbon nanotube field-effect transistors and much better than the length-dependent scaling of planar silicon MOSFETs. Lieber reckons the devices could have applications in next-generation high-speed logic circuits after conventional CMOS technology hits its limits. "In addition, the high-performance nanowire transistors can also [work] on many unconventional substrates, such as glass or plastic for transparent or flexible applications, where conventional crystalline Si technology is not possible," he added. "The excellent mobility exhibited by the nanowires would greatly improve device speed for these applications." Now the researchers plan to improve the performance of the Ge/Si nanowire devices and scale them to smaller sizes; develop their ideas for other systems, for example by creating devices with a carrier gas of electrons rather than holes; and to create large-scale assemblies of the nanowire devices for integrated systems. The researchers reported their work in Nature. 2017.10.18 4 Channel 2 Core Twisted Pair Remote Controller Using PT2262 +10.18.3 Today,I will introduce a kine do remote controller built using PT2262,IC PT2272-M4 from PRINCETON and MAX485 from MAXIM. This is a four channel two core twisted pair remote controller. The PT2262 is an enconder( transmitter) whic PT2272-M4 is a decoduer (receiver) and MAX485 works as bridge for twisted pair communication between PT2262 and PT2272-M4.4 Channel 2 core twisted pair remote controller built using PT2262. When any of SW1-SW4 (S1-S4) tact switches is pressed, power is applied to encoder IC and RS485 IC, the encoder starts scanning Jumper J1-J8 and transmitting the status of the 8 bits address and data serially. The decoder IC receives the data from MAX485 and compares it two times with J1-J8 address jumpers, also provides outputs high and at same time VT (Valid Transmission) LED goes On, if the data is Valid and address of Transmitter and Receiver are same. It is important to have same jumper settings J1-J8 at transmitter and receiver to pair both. Let me talk this remote controller in several parts. PT2262--encoder +10.18.1 PT2262 is a remote control encoder paired with PT2272 utilizing CMOS technology. It encodes data and address pins into a serial coded waveform. Circuit uses 8 bits of tri-state address pins providing up to 6561 address codes, thereby, drastically reducing any code collision and unauthorized code scanning possibilities. PT2262 encodes the code address and data set into special waveform and outputs it to the DOUT when TE is pulled to low. The wave fed to RS485 IC for transmission. The transmitted RS485 IC data receive by receiver side of RS485 and PT2272 decode the waveform and set the corresponding output pin high. Thus completing a remote control encoding and decoding function. PT2272-M4--decoder +10.18.2 PT2272 decodes the waveform received and fed in to the DIN pin. The waveform is decoded into code word that contains the address, data and sync bits. The decoded address bits are compared with the address set at the address input pins. If both address match for 2 consecutive code words, PT2272 drives the data output pins whose corresponding data bits is the decoded to be a 1 bit, and (2) the VT output 〞 to high state. VT (Valid Transmitter) When PT2272 receive a transmission code word, it initially checks whether this is a valid transmission. For a transmission to be valid, (1) it must be complete code word, and (2) the address bits must match the address setting at the address pins. After two consecutive valid transmissions, PT2272 (1) drives the data pins according to the data bits received, and (2) raises VT to high state. Features Wide Range of Operation Voltage 5V to 12V TransmitterSupply 5V DC ReceiverOn Board Data Transmission LEDSingle Resistor Oscillator4 Momentary Outputs4 Outputs TTL LevelAddress setting 3 states HIGH, LOW, And FLOATING)Remote provides 6561 addressable combinations by setting up J1-J8 to High, Low, and Floating.On Board Power and Valid Transmission LEDS ReceiverTwisted Pair RS485 Communication Between Transmitter and ReceiverCMOS TechnologyLow Power ConsumptionIt Can transmit data over 1000 Meters cableVery High Noise ImmunityUp to 8 Tri-State Code Address Pins Application Garage Door ControllerHome SecurityAutomation SystemRemote Control for Industrial Use NOTE: J1 to J8 Jumper provided at Bottom layer of the PCB to set the address pins high. Top side of the PCB has Jumpers. Close them to set the address pins low for J1 to J8. http://www.electronics-lab.com/project/4-channel-rs485-remote-controller/ 2017.10.19 The New Audiobooks Based on PaPer Loudspeakers Do you want a photo book incorportating the sound of the sea and birdsong,a novel with spoken dialog? Many Children may say yes.But how to invent such a product out? Yeah,this is all made possible by loudspeaker paper and electronic concealed in the cover. Such a T-book can currently be heard at the Frankfurt Book Fair ( here the T stands for the German word Ton,means sound ). Most fairs even book fairs are already loud enough. However,the future noise level looks like to keep increasing if the development on the display at the CPI booth of the Frankfurt(hall 4.0, booth F73) is successful. Not only in the halls of trade fairs, but also in living rooms, public transport and 每 God forbid 每 supermarkets, drugstores, and the like could all be equally affected. Tchnicians at TU Chemnitz have now introduced the latest generation of their ※T-books§after years of research and experimentation. The ※T§ here has nothing to do with Telecom, but stands for Ton (sound). In other words, the pages of the book are simultaneously loudspeakers and can therefore emit sounds of any kind. Sensors detect which pages are open, and the necessary audio electronics and SD card are concealed in the book＊s cover. Naturally, given their frequency response the sound quality has no chance even compared to a kitchen radio. The bass is much too ※thin§, but high and medium frequencies are quite well reproduced. And surprisingly loud. The Reason about Mass-producible paper loudspeakers Actually the technology behind it is relatively simple.Perfectly ordinary paper is printed with two layers of a conductive organi polymer that act as electrondes.Next,the active element is between them,a piezoelectric layer that causes the paper to vibrate, thus exciting the air and producing the sound. The remaining difficulty is primarily that of developing a cost-effective mass production for it. There is a true news that two years ago, the Chemnitz researchers implemented the World Press Photo Foundation's Yearbook as a T-book under the cooperation with the Munich Advertising Agency Serviceplan. Unfortunately,this audio-tome,which was mainly down to the battery is too heavy while it weighted more than 3kg.Unsurprisingly, this small-series product ultimately proved too unwieldy and too expensive. That is why the original method of producing individual sheets is to be superseded by a roll process, which will optimize both performance and appearance of paper loudspeakers. In future, the electronic components will also be printed. This will considerably increase the efficiency of the entire manufacturing process and open up mass markets such as photobooks. In future, for example, instruction leaflets could read themselves aloud, and books could become accessible to blind people. The opposite effect is also possible 每 loudspeaker paper could be used to construct a force sensor or a microphone. What is called the ※direct piezoelectric effect§ responds to an elastically deformed solid by producing a voltage. This means that there are any number of useful applications, not necessarily things like chatty packaging, singing wallpaper and similar strident marketing hype. http://blog.electronica.de/en/2017/10/13/audiobooks-paper-loudspeakers/ 2017.10.20 Modify An OLED Clock Using ESP32 A few months ago,I have see an article about desinging a nixie tube clock with an ATmega328 and ESP8266,and I had a big interest in it and I made one immediately according to the article's step.The ESP8266 connected to a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server was cheaper to implement than using an RTC due to the discrepancies between the defined clock speed and actual clock speed. +10.20.1 You can see picture,nixie tubes came into existence during the time of vacuum tubes and before LEDs (at least in the context of the Soviet Union). Once LED technology made its way into the USSR, nixie tubes began to fade out. Even today when shopping for nixie tubes online, all of the tubes I＊ve purchased have been sent from either Russia or Ukraine. It seemed fitting that I would follow in history＊s footsteps and switch over to the cheaper, easier and safer LED technology (I may or may not have shocked myself a few times on the 170VDC supply when testing). I would like to use seven-segment displays to solve this problem. However,I think it's a little expensive even today. I would like to try something different, something that you don't really see sommercially. Suddently,binary clocks come to my mind,it's interested programmer like me. After a time of consideration, I sticked with a digital display and kept going back to the seven-segment variety. Using our OLED breakout allowed me to recreate the look of a 7-segment display, but I can add animations when the digits change. I added animations that make the individual segments drop in and fall off of the display when the time changes. +10.20.2 In my nixie tube clock,I first tried using ESP8266 control both WIFI and the nixie tubes,but the WiFi stack was just too large to avoid seeing the multiplexed nixie tubes flicker any time the 8266 needed to do something WiFi-related. This meant that I had to have two controllers on the board; an ATmega328 would handle the nixies, and the ESP8266 would be responsible for the time and web GUI for settings. After that, I found ESP32 Thing from Sparkfun when I browse google, The ESP32 have two cores, one is to hanle the wifi stack and the other for programming. and I thought of my clock immediately and how much easier it would be to just have one device to program and not worry about how I would transfer information between the two. About the Clock Stands +10.20.3 See the above picture,my clock is still work in progress currently,the code requires hard coding the SSID and password for the wireless access point. I really liked the web GUI I made, which I can access from the ESP8266 to change settings for the access point＊s SSID and password or to select the NTP server location, time zone and whether or not to adjust for daylight saving time. I have two problems now. The one is that I haven＊t been able to implement the GUI quite yet due to library changes in WiFi.h to serve web pages, and this is where I could use some help. If you＊ve made a web server for your ESP32, please let me know how you handled multiple pages. I＊ve been scratching my head throughout the build on how to get this done. With the ESP8266, there＊s on(const String &uri, handler function), but that seems to have been removed on the ESP32. And the another problem with both clocks is how I handle daylight saving. Currently with the nixie clock, I have a selection box that removes an hour, but I would like to have that happen automatically. The NTP time returned will allow me to figure out the date, but given that daylight saving time begins on the second Sunday of March and ends on the first Sunday of November, how would you efficiently program in that functionality? The clock is far from finished, and aside from the problems I＊ve mentioned above, there are some minor things I would like to touch up and a couple of extra features I＊d like to add. And My code is as following: [code]//Libraries Needed #include // Include SPI if you're using SPI #include #include #include #include // Include the SFE_MicroOLED library const char ssid[] = "************"; // your network SSID (name) const char pass[] = "************"; // your network password static const char ntpServerName[] = "time.nist.gov"; const int timeZone = -6; // Mountain Daylight Time WiFiUDP Udp; unsigned int localPort = 8888; // local port to listen for UDP packets time_t getNtpTime(); void sendNTPpacket(IPAddress &address); //IO Pin Constants //Digit 0 #define PIN_RESET_0 12 #define PIN_DC_0 22 #define PIN_CS_0 13 //Digit 1 #define PIN_RESET_1 17 #define PIN_DC_1 22 #define PIN_CS_1 16 //Digit 2 #define PIN_RESET_2 4 #define PIN_DC_2 22 #define PIN_CS_2 0 //Digit 3 #define PIN_RESET_3 2 #define PIN_DC_3 22 #define PIN_CS_3 15 //7-Seg Pixel Constants for OLED #define A_X 59 #define A_Y 14 #define B_X 35 #define B_Y 38 #define C_X 6 #define C_Y 38 #define D_X 0 #define D_Y 14 #define E_X 6 #define E_Y 7 #define F_X 35 #define F_Y 7 #define G_X 29 #define G_Y 14 //Initialize Displays MicroOLED oled0(PIN_RESET_0, PIN_DC_0, PIN_CS_0); MicroOLED oled1(PIN_RESET_1, PIN_DC_1, PIN_CS_1); MicroOLED oled2(PIN_RESET_2, PIN_DC_2, PIN_CS_2); MicroOLED oled3(PIN_RESET_3, PIN_DC_3, PIN_CS_3); bool updateTime=1; byte old_minute=0,old_hour=0; time_t prev = 0, prevNow=0; void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); //Setup Displays oled0.begin(); oled0.clear(PAGE); oled1.begin(); oled1.clear(PAGE); oled2.begin(); oled2.clear(PAGE); oled3.begin(); oled3.clear(PAGE); // Connect to WiFi WiFi.begin(ssid, pass); pinMode(5,OUTPUT); //Use the built in LED for WiFi Connection Status bool state = 0; while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { delay(500); Serial.print("."); state = !state; digitalWrite(5,state); } digitalWrite(5,HIGH); Serial.print("IP number assigned by DHCP is "); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP()); Serial.println("Starting UDP"); Udp.begin(localPort); Serial.println("waiting for sync"); setSyncProvider(getNtpTime); setSyncInterval(300); //Display Current Time Update_Digit(oled0,hourFormat12()/10,32); Update_Digit(oled1,hourFormat12()%10,32); Update_Digit(oled2,minute()/10,32); Update_Digit(oled3,minute()%10,32); prev = now(); prevNow = now()/60; } void loop() { yield(); //Let the ESP32 handle the wifi stack //Print the current time to Serial (debugging) if(now() != prevNow) { prevNow = now(); Serial.print(hour()); Serial.print(' '); Serial.print(minute()); Serial.print(' '); Serial.print(second()); Serial.println(); } //Only update when the minutes change if(now()/60 != prev) { prev = now()/60; //Update Display for(byte i=0;i<33;i++) { if(hour() != old_hour) //Does hour need to be updated? { if((hour()/10)!= old_hour/10) //Which hour digit needs to update? Both? { Update_Digit(oled0,hourFormat12()/10,i); Update_Digit(oled1,hourFormat12()%10,i); } else //Just update the first hour digit { Update_Digit(oled1,hourFormat12()%10,i); } } if(minute() != old_minute) //Does the minutes need to updated? { if((minute()/10)!= old_minute/10) //Which digit needs to be updated? Both? { Update_Digit(oled2,minute()/10,i); Update_Digit(oled3,minute()%10,i); } else //Just update the first minute digit { Update_Digit(oled3,minute()%10,i); } } delay(5); //Wait 5ms to slow down the animations } old_hour = hour(); old_minute = minute(); } } //Animations for changing numbers void Update_Digit(MicroOLED &oled,byte number, byte i) { oled.clear(PAGE); switch(number) { case 0: if(i<17) { oled.rectFill(A_X+(64-i*4),A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(A_X-(i*3.6),A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X,B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(E_X+(32-i*2),E_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(F_X+(32-i*2),F_Y,22,4); //F oled.rectFill(G_X-(i*4),G_Y,4,22); //G } else { oled.rectFill(A_X,A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X,B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(D_X,D_Y,4,22); //D oled.rectFill(E_X,E_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(F_X,F_Y,22,4); //F } break; case 1: oled.rectFill(A_X-(i*2),A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X,B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(D_X-(i*2),D_Y,4,22); //D oled.rectFill(E_X-(i*2),E_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(F_X-(i*2),F_Y,22,4); //F break; case 2: oled.rectFill(A_X+(64-i*2),A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X,B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X-(i*2),C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(D_X+(64-i*2),D_Y,4,22); //D oled.rectFill(E_X+(64-i*2),E_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(G_X+(64-i*2),G_Y,4,22); //G break; case 3: oled.rectFill(A_X,A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X+(32-i),B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X+(32-i),C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(D_X,D_Y,4,22); //D oled.rectFill(E_X-(i*2),E_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(G_X,G_Y,4,22); //G break; case 4: oled.rectFill(A_X-i+2,A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X,B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(D_X-i,D_Y,4,22); //D oled.rectFill(F_X+(32-i),F_Y,22,4); //F oled.rectFill(G_X-i*1.0625,G_Y,4,22); //G break; case 5: oled.rectFill(A_X+(32-i),A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X-i*0.9,B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X-i,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(G_X+(32-i),G_Y,4,22); oled.rectFill(F_X,F_Y,22,4); //F oled.rectFill(G_X-i*0.9,G_Y,4,22); //G break; case 6: oled.rectFill(A_X,A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(C_X,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(D_X,D_Y,4,22); //D if(i>3)oled.rectFill(E_X+(32-i),E_Y,22,4); //E else oled.rectFill(F_X,F_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(F_X+(32-i),F_Y,22,4); //F oled.rectFill(G_X,G_Y,4,22); //G break; case 7: oled.rectFill(A_X,A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X+(64-i*2),B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(D_X-(i*2),D_Y,4,22); //D oled.rectFill(E_X-(i*2),E_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(F_X-(i*2),F_Y,22,4); //F oled.rectFill(G_X-(i*2),G_Y,4,22); //G break; case 8: oled.rectFill(A_X+(64-i*2),A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(A_X-(i*1.9),A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X,B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(E_X+(64-i*2),E_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(F_X+(64-i*2),F_Y,22,4); //F oled.rectFill(G_X+(64-i*2),G_Y,4,22); //G break; case 9: oled.rectFill(A_X,A_Y,4,22); //A oled.rectFill(B_X,B_Y,22,4); //B oled.rectFill(C_X,C_Y,22,4); //C oled.rectFill(D_X-(i*2),D_Y,4,22); //D oled.rectFill(E_X-(i*2),E_Y,22,4); //E oled.rectFill(F_X,F_Y,22,4); //F oled.rectFill(G_X,G_Y,4,22); //G break; default: break; } oled.display(); } /*-------- NTP code ----------*/ const int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48; // NTP time is in the first 48 bytes of message byte packetBuffer[NTP_PACKET_SIZE]; //buffer to hold incoming & outgoing packets time_t getNtpTime() { IPAddress ntpServerIP; // NTP server's ip address while (Udp.parsePacket() > 0) ; // discard any previously received packets Serial.println("Transmit NTP Request"); // get a random server from the pool WiFi.hostByName(ntpServerName, ntpServerIP); Serial.print(ntpServerName); Serial.print(": "); Serial.println(ntpServerIP); sendNTPpacket(ntpServerIP); uint32_t beginWait = millis(); while (millis() - beginWait < 1500) { int size = Udp.parsePacket(); if (size >= NTP_PACKET_SIZE) { Serial.println("Receive NTP Response"); Udp.read(packetBuffer, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); // read packet into the buffer unsigned long secsSince1900; // convert four bytes starting at location 40 to a long integer secsSince1900 = (unsigned long)packetBuffer[40] << 24; secsSince1900 |= (unsigned long)packetBuffer[41] << 16; secsSince1900 |= (unsigned long)packetBuffer[42] << 8; secsSince1900 |= (unsigned long)packetBuffer[43]; return secsSince1900 - 2208988800UL + timeZone * SECS_PER_HOUR; } } Serial.println("No NTP Response :-("); return 0; // return 0 if unable to get the time } // send an NTP request to the time server at the given address void sendNTPpacket(IPAddress &address) { // set all bytes in the buffer to 0 memset(packetBuffer, 0, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); // Initialize values needed to form NTP request // (see URL above for details on the packets) packetBuffer[0] = 0b11100011; // LI, Version, Mode packetBuffer[1] = 0; // Stratum, or type of clock packetBuffer[2] = 6; // Polling Interval packetBuffer[3] = 0xEC; // Peer Clock Precision // 8 bytes of zero for Root Delay & Root Dispersion packetBuffer[12] = 49; packetBuffer[13] = 0x4E; packetBuffer[14] = 49; packetBuffer[15] = 52; // all NTP fields have been given values, now // you can send a packet requesting a timestamp: Udp.beginPacket(address, 123); //NTP requests are to port 123 Udp.write(packetBuffer, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); Udp.endPacket(); }[/code] https://www.sparkfun.com/news/2484 2017.10.23 A New Progress in Electronic Technology--Smart Materials Sensors Summary: As one of the smartest materials leaders in UK,Quantum Technology Supersensors launched smart materials sensors. The supersensors represent a signigicant step forward in smart functional materials,delivering vastly improved controllbility and functionality while significantly reducting environmental impact for a more sustainable electronics future. The Quantum Technology Supersensors are environmentally-friendly, smart materials that harness quantum technology in a way that delivers unprecedented super controllability over a vast ranges of conduction and sensitivities and significantly improves functionality.With potential use cases spanning automotive, IoT, healthcare, robotics, mobile and gaming, the technology enables businesses to print, squeeze and mould Quantum Technology Supersensors onto almost any surface, including recyclable ones, instantly rendering it ＆smart＊. Durable and suitable for harsh environments, the sensors are also skin and food contact safe, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. ※Novel functional materials can play a significant role in solving global challenges." Davai Lussey,Serial innovator and founder said, "Including reducing the environmental impacte of sensors and electonics,the need for low power processing requirements and the need for sensors to assist an ageing and growing population and improve quality of life. The UK＊s Centre for Process Innovation has been fantastic in assisting us to achieve our goals." "Our vision is for these flexible, ＆directly' printable and mouldable electronic sensors to enable the creation of exciting new products able to enhance the interface between the physical and digital world in an environmentally friendly way.§ Lussey added. The first Quantum Technology Supersensors licensee, Infi-tex has been already been selected by the UK＊s Department for International Trade as one of the UK＊s 30 brightest tech innovations for its work with interactive textiles. Additional use cases for the flexible, printable and mouldable sensors includes low weight, low power and low cost environmentally friendly printable switches and sensors for the automotive and transportation sector, intuitive multi-functional interfaces and touch screens that can adapt to the user, and fatigue-monitoring skins and components like pressure-sensing washers. In the medical and healthcare markets durable, recyclable single or multi-touch sensors can monitor swellings and 3D body parts that are able to sense pressure can be printed. Robotics and prosthetics able to simulate human-like touch sensitivity will enable the performance of delicate or rugged operations as pressure sensing ＆bionic skin＊ allows better interaction with and responsiveness to the environment. In the home, smart pressure sensors on active surfaces enable product differentiation aesthetically and ergonomically, and data harvesting can provide much needed assistance such as pre-warnings of falls by the elderly. A 'Digital Nervous System＊ can be created by combining sensing, control and optimisation. In mobile devices and gaming intuitive, multi-functional interfaces and touch screens will be able to adapt to the user thereby improving user interfaces and experiences whilst at the same time reducing environmental impact and creating more sustainable products. Lussey concluded: ※Ultimately, these sensors are able to disrupt the smart materials limitations we have accepted to date. We see potential use cases across almost every major industry as our sensors inform and enable innovation and new product development to improve our quality of life, increase productivity and reduce the environmental impact.§ http://www.electronicspecifier.com/sensors/next-generation-2d-and-3d-smart-material-pressure-sensors 2017.10.24 A warm congratulations on the success of 2017 Korea Electronic Show -- kynix As an exhibitor of the KES,Kynix send the warm congratulations on the successful 2017 Korea Electronic Show . What is KES Korea Electronics Show is 4 day event being held from 17 October to 20th October 2017 at the COEX Korea Exhibition Center in Seoul, Korea. The participants are availed with ample of networking opportunities which help them to increase their revenue count as well aid them to create a strong footage in the domestic as well as in the international market. Korea Electronics Show is the perfect place where the attendees can come in contact with the manufacturers and exporters and discuss about the various business related issues. Various designer and purpose of lighting products are displayed so that the demands of the customers are completely fulfilled. Preview KES has always been walking along with the 51 years history of the Korean electronic industry and the most important threshold to the international markets. As an Asian IT show pilgrimage,KES has strong connections especially with Asian Pacific IT shows in Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and China, the buyers from North Ameriaca,Europe,and Middle East tend to schedule every October. Held in COEX Hall A, Hall B,World Trade Center Seoul,Seoul, South Korea,KES ended its 48th exhibition successfully. With a scale over 1500 booths representing 500 companies ( including 100 overseas), 2017 KES show attracted over 70,000 visitors including 4,000 from foreign country. Under the theme--Where the Creative Things are!,there are more well-known exhibitors such as UNION SEIMITSU CO., LTD.; SILICONE VALLEY CO., LTD.; SANYO DENKI (THAILAND) CO.,LTD.;MORNSUN took part in KES. What＊s more, KES has a lot of partners from home and abroad like CEAC,CCPIT,CECC,HQEW(China),TEEMA(Taiwan),JESA,AEECC(Asia Electronics Exhibition Cooperate Conference), Messe Berlin(Germany), CEA(U.S.A), RATEK(Russia), CMAI, TEMA(India), VEIA(Vietnam),etc. Greetings The Korean Electronic Show literally shows the modern and future electronic and IT industry of Korea from the perspective of industry and suggests the direction in which the industry will head towards. It is a specialized exhibition of electronics and IT which is a feast of cutting edge technology that leads global trends. Especially this year we constructed a theme hall with cutting edge technology and renovation goods that will lead our future and the latest trends and 3D printing, Broadcast Tech Korea, stage, masterpiece miniature exhibition medical device fusion hall etc. that can attract the attention of visitors. Not only it is exhibiting products, but also visitors and buyers will be able to discuss and experience technology in the experience hall and technology exchange hall under the name of ※the Forum where Culture and Technology Meet.§KES try their best to make this event participatory by planning a ＆Story Tour＊ that provide visitors with various spectacles with a story-telling based tour so that buyer and vistors can participate. Kynix Situations It＊s kynix＊s honor to witnessed KES＊s great success Not only KES provide one-stop market place provision of global companies and a variety of 800 other companies of components,distributions,software,etc,but also the provision of a strong network between participating companies and buyers, and exchange forum. As one of the partners of KES,Kynix gained great benefits from it. Over 10 thousands visitors from all the world saw kynix＊s stand and asked about electronic semiconductors every day between exhibition period. What's more pleasurable, we made a cooperations with over 60 partners in the exhibition including Sumsung and LG Thanks for KES, kynix won a lot of new partners and opened up kynix＊s world market at the same time. Congratulate on the successful 2017 Korea Electronic Show again! There are about 600 exibitors in KES. 2017.10.25 This is a good day because kynix will share an interesting project with you -- Luminous Halloween Cosume ! Halloween is coming soon and I know at least that some of you are still procrastinationg you costume build. That's ok,I would share a fun and easy last-minute luminous Halloween costume that a) takes almost no time to build b) still impresses the pants off your friends c) is appropriate for all ages So at first,we should prepare some components as follow: Knit Hat in Red, Green, Blue or White,etc Black T-shirt Electrical Tape Hot Glue Gun and Glue Soldering Iron Solder Qduino Mini Dev Board WS2812 LED Strip LiPo Battery Next,let's start to make it. The first step,I made the shirt which will represent the anode and cathode of the LED.ake the electrical tape and cut it into two pieces. One should be about 2 inches shorter than your shirt, and the other about 4 inches shorter. On each piece cut one edge into a point. Then place them on the shirt parallel to each other, pointing downward from the collar. Set this aside. The second step, place the hat on whoever will be wearing the costume 〞 or someone with a head similar in size. Fold up the bottom to make a small lip. Starting in the back, hot glue the LED strip to the hat, wrapping it around the hat from the bottom and moving up. Cut the LED strip when there is about 1 to 2 inches of hat left at the top. Next,take the hat off and count the number of LEDs on it. After that,we need to use the program provided below to program Qduino.You will need to make two small edits. First, update numPix variable to the number of LEDs on your hat. Then find the four colorWipe commands in the loop function. You will notice that I have included red, green, blue and white. Comment out the lines that are not the same color as your hat. If you have not already, you will need to install Adafruit＊s Neopixel Library and the Qduino board into your board manager in Arduino. For more instructions on how to do this, please visit this Qduino Hookup Guide and our Arduino Library Installation tutorial. Upload your program using the code below: [code]//Melissa Felderman for SparkFun Electronics. Functions have been taken from the adafruit neopixel library example code. #include #define PIN 2 int numPix=150; Adafruit_NeoPixel strip = Adafruit_NeoPixel(numPix, PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800); void setup() { strip.begin(); strip.show(); // Initialize all pixels to 'off' } void loop() { // comment out all lines except the color you want on your hat. colorWipe(strip.Color(255, 0, 0), 50); // Red colorWipe(strip.Color(0, 255, 0), 50); // Green colorWipe(strip.Color(0, 0, 255), 50); // Blue colorWipe(strip.Color(0, 0, 0), 50); // White } // Fill the dots one after the other with a color void colorWipe(uint32_t c, uint8_t wait) { for(uint16_t i=0; i